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Shotokan Karate - General Background Sports Articles | April 29 Cheap Jerseys Online , 2007
Shotokan is both a young and an ancient martial art. It is ancient because its roots are deeply entrenched in the past, and young because, as it is expressed today, it is an art that is less than a 100 years old. Shotokan is characterized by its long and low stances, its powerful techniques and its dynamic forms.

History:

Shotokan is both a young and an ancient martial art. It is ancient because its roots are deeply entrenched in the past, and young because, as it is expressed today Cheap Jerseys From China , it is an art that is less than a 100 years old. Shotokan is characterised by its long and low stances, its powerful techniques and its dynamic forms.

The founder of Shotokan, Gichin Funakoshi, was an Okinawan. He trained in the oldest of the Okinawan te (hand) systems as a young man and in the early 20th century brought what he had learned in the island of Okinawa to mainland Japan, where he demonstrated his art before the Emperor. He originally intended to return to Okinawa but was persuaded to to remain and continue teaching in Japan. Funakoshi''s pen name was Shoto (waving pines) and kan (hall). Hence Shotokan can be translated to mean "Shoto''s hall of the way of the empty hand".

While Funakoshi was the originator of Shotokan, it was really his son, Yoshitaka Funakoshi Cheap Jerseys , who developed it into the form we know today. It rapidly grew in popularity, supported, encouraged and regulated by the powerful Japan Karate Association. Before long, it was to be found all over the world.

Triads:

Shotokan is built on what are known as triads, which are both real organisations and metaphors for something much deeper within the human psyche. There exists the physical triad of kihon (basics), kumite (sparring) and kata (forms), which require dedicated training and the constant perfecting of technique. This is followed by the moral triad of justice Wholesale NFL Jerseys Cheap , mercy and compassion and finally by the ethical triad of duty, honour and loyalty.

If we put all of the 9 triad principles together (9 symbolises perfection) we achieve the whole, rounded person. When these principles are practised in a martial art, they illustrate one of the fundamental concepts of Shotokan, as advocated by the founder, Gichin Funakoshi. His aim was to focus on the development of the human character as a whole being, rather than on winning and losing.

Significance:

While Shotokan is a wonderful form of relaxation or sport for many people Wholesale NFL Jerseys Online , for those who practise it seriously it has a much deeper and wider significance. This deeper realisation, however, can only come after years of dedicated practice. While this is a dimension of the art that emerges rather slowly, Shotokan can still be enjoyed at all levels by hundreds of thousands of people throughout the world.

Some dogs are content to live a lifetime within the confines of their yard with very little restraint. Others get the wandering bug, and dig, climb or jump fences, and break out to explore their world. Some stay close by while others roam far Wholesale NFL Jerseys Free Shipping , but any free roaming brings risks to their health and life, and often contributes to unwanted puppies.

The battle to keep a dog contained that wants to roam is half psychological, half physical. One successful escape rewards the urge to try again. Dogs escape for curiosity, sexual activity, exploration, food, hunting Wholesale NFL Jerseys From China , companionship, and to establish dominance over other dogs. Roaming is its own reward, with the dog able to do whatever it pleases.

While the pack mentality and sexual urges are major factors in some dog''s escapes, much of this can be suppressed if the dog is entertained within its own space. Give a dog plenty of things to do. Provide toys, regular exercise, play time, attention Wholesale NFL Jerseys China , variation and environmental enrichment.

Neutering the dog and providing amusements are keys to calming dogs'' tendency to roam. Males tend to escape more than females, but intact dogs of both sexes are more likely to roam than those that have been neutered.

Owners also should make escape difficult. Set fence posts in cement, ensure fences are tall and secure, and make sure any buried wire containment systems are at a depth the dog can''t unearth. However, some fenced-in dogs become territorially aggressive, as the containment frustrates their social urges, especially those penned in boring environments.

While some dogs dig specifically to escape Wholesale NFL Jerseys , digging is a pleasurable activity for dogs and is self-reinforcing as the dirt ?plays? back. Other self-reinforcing activities are roaming and foraging in areas where food scraps can be found. Many dogs enjoy these activities on their own merits and seek out opportunities to do these often.

Escaping is a reward, so if a dog gets out of the yard once, it will try 30 or 40 more times to do it again. However, a dog will not repeat escape attempts if it never succeeds.

If the dog goes to one location when it escapes, such as a former home, the owners can try and make this location an unpleasant experience by encouraging the people there to be rude to the dog and not feed it. Also, do not reward a dog when it returns home as this encourages it to leave and then return home again and does not prevent it from escaping in the first place.

With the help of your veterinarian and dog trainer Wholesale Jerseys China Free Shipping , owners of determined escape artists can try a few other tricks to keep their dog safely contained.
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